Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine among dental students

Hepatitis B infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Dental students who are I frequently in contact with body fluids like blood and saliva are still at high risk for HBV exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of HBV vaccine and personal factors associated with serologic evidence of the immune response. A descriptive-cross sectional study was carried out using data from Hamadan dental school students that received Just three doses of HBV vaccine. The serum sample of 86 dental clinical students were examined in order to determine hepatitis B surface antigen and the level of anti-HBs using IEMA method. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship of vaccine response to the variables Sex, age weight, smoking status and the time lasting from the third dose of vaccine injection. Ninety-three percent had positive anti-HBs response and 7% were non-responders. No one showed HBsAg. Vaccine response was most strongly associated with age, smoking status, sex and weight. The time lasting from the third dose was unrelated to vaccine response. Clinical dental students had desirable immune response to the HBV vaccine nevertheless recommended number of doses, standard protocol and early vaccination are critical to adequate protection against hepatitis infection among all health care workers, in particular dental students and dentists who are often exposed to blood and other body fluids

Evaluation of salivary albumin in diabetic patients

The clinical symptoms of diabetes mellitus in oral cavity are xerostomia, pathological changes in periodontal tissues and caries. It has been suggested that the determination of salvia's components in diabetic patients may be useful in describing and further understanding the oral findings in this condition. The aim of this study was to detect differences between the salivary albumin in diabetic patients and healthy people. A case-control study was carried out using data from Hamadan researches diabetes center in 2008. We selected 40 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged 9-61 years, 40 patients with type2 aged 39-82 years and 40 healthy controls aged 20-67 years. Dental and oral status was assessed for all subjects. Completely unstimulated saliva samples were collected from diabetic patients and control subjects. Nephelometric method was used to determine salivary albumin concentration. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS. No significant difference in salivary albumin concentration was found between the control group and type 1 diabetic patients but salivary albumin was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients in compare with control groups [P=0.017], also no significant difference was found between type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. In diabetic patients, complain of dry mouth and burning feeling in mouth was significantly higher, as well as, dental examinations showed higher DMFT mean values than the controls. Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus have higher concentration of salivary albumin that would play a helpful diagnostic role in oral findings of diabetic patients

[Evaluation of serum levels of interleukin-6 and -8 in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcerations]

Recurrent aphthous ulcers [RAU] are one of the most common ulcers in the oral cavity. Several studies have shown conflicting variations for inflammatory cytokines and other biologic markers in recurrent aphthous ulcers. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of IL-8 and IL-6 in the serum of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers. In this case- control study, the serum levels of IL-8 and IL-6 were measured in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers [n=40] and in healthy control subjects [n=40]. The cytokines levels were measured in the serum by ELISA. The data were analyzed with SPSS software using T- test. The mean value of the IL-8 and IL-6 in the patient group was 52.24 pg/ml and 9.39 pg/ml which were 10 and 4 times higher than that of the control group, respectively. The differences were statistically significant [p<0.01]. The results of the present study showed that the serum levels of IL-8 and IL-6 were elevated in the patient group, IL-8 level being more considerable

[Comparison of serum interleukin-8 levels in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and healthy individuals]

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis [RAS] is one of the most common inflammatory diseases affecting the oral mucosa; therefore an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-8 may be expected. The aim of this study was to compare serum IL-8 levels in patients with RAS and healthy individuals. Eighty patients without a history of systemic disease were selected from those referred to the Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, during May 2005 to Feb 2006. The study and control groups consisted of 40 patients [19 males and 21 females; mean age, 25.08 years] with RAS and 40 healthy cases [23 males and 17 females; mean age, 25.5 years], respectively. Whole blood [10/ml] was obtained from all participants and the serum was separated and stored at -70°C, until used. Serum IL-8 levels were measured by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test [p<0.01]. The mean serum IL-8 level was 52.24 pg/ml in the RAS group and 5.01 pg/ml in the control group which showed a 10-fold increase in RAS patients [P<0.01]. These levels were greater than the upper limit of normal serum concentration in 35 [87.5%] of the RAS subjects [16 males, 19 females] and was within normal range in 5 [12.5%] cases [3 males, 2 females]. Thirty-seven [92.5%] of the healthy individuals demonstrated normal levels while 3 [7.5%] showed increased amounts. In this study, a significant increase in the mean serum IL-8 level was observed in the RAS group